Crisis in capitalist countries were the conflict which occurred in Europe and America and spraed world wide. This crisis includes:
1. First world war(ww1)
2. Great economic depression(GED)
3. Second world war(WW2)
FIRIST WORLD WAR was the greatest imperialist war which occurred between two camps triple alliance and triple entente and fought between 28/7/1914 up to the 11/11/1918.
TRIPLE ALLIENCE INCLUDE: Germany, Italy, Austria Hungary and turkey
TRIPLE ENTENTE INCLUDE: British, France and Russia with full support from U.S.A and JAPAN.
BACKGROUND OF THE WAR
This war was a root of many political and economic tendencies of the big capitalist nation.
CAUSES OF THE FIRIST WORLD WAR
1. Development of capitalist in Europe ,after the development of capitalism in Europe all European nation started to struggle so as to get the demand of their industrial such as raw material, market, cheap labour, and areas for investment, this struggle for the resources led to land conflict which resulted to the war.
2. Rise of nationalism, after completion of European unification especially in British and Germany led the capability of expansion and acquire more colonies in Africa and other part of the world this led the conflict with other imperialist nation which were also interested in potential colonies example French hence war.
3. Dissatisfaction of territorial arrangement, by the 19th c almost were under big capitalist nation but the division of the colonies were never satisfied with their political and territory boundary in their given colonies hence imperialist nation started eying other territories with the aim of expand to annex them for example .British was interested in Mesopotamia, Iraq, and Palestine which were the territory of turkey also Germany interested in Ukraine and Baltic which were under French hence war
4. Development of military alliance ,European developed the military union hence made them trust to fight together against the common enemies
5. Moroccan crisis in 1904 and 19011, this conflict was between Germany and French which planted by the Franco Prussia war 1840-1870.germany attempting not primary to keep France out of the morocco but the conference of 1906 which attended by British and supported the French claims in morocco so conflict between Germany and British and France.
6. Assassination of archduke Ferdinand in Sarajevo the capital city of Bosnia , on June 28, 1918 a young Bosnian revolutionary and the member of secrete society known as union death or black death by the name of Gavilo princip assassinate Ferdinand who would soon became the emperor (king) of Austrian throne after that Australian sent drastic ultimatum to the Serbia captain in Belgrade demanding satisfactory other within fourth eight (48) hours, the Australian ultimatum contain three demand :
-Serbia was to explain for the assassination and suppress all societies organizing ant Austrian propaganda
-Serbia was to dismiss all officials to whom Austrian suspect to have involved in murder
-Austrian officials and police were to be permitted to take a part of investigation and punishing the course of the assassination
NOTE: Serbia accept all near term that were given out except third condition that they should allow Austrian official to take part of investigation and suggest that third term should be subjected by international court of justice at the Hague from that Austrian declared the war on Serbia on 28, July 1914 and world war began.
Other causes of ww1 include
· Franco Prussia war1870-1871
· Balkan crisis
· Russian expansionism
· Germany unification.
EFFECT OF FIRIST WORLD WAR
o Depopulation
o Destruction of infrastructure
o Led to the great economic depression
o Led to formation of dictatorship regime
o Formation of league of nation of 1919
WHY USA JOINED THE WAR 6/04/1917.
o Cultural reason, British colonized America so wanted to help British so as to avoid shy.
o USA was a chief supplier of food ad weapons to triple entente
o The USA president ambition of creating peace and security
o Germany sunk of USA submarines in march 1917(u-boat)
THE GREAT ECONOMIC DEPRESSION OF (GED) IN 1929-1933
Was an economic problems which was affected the whole world especially capitalist countries like USA, British, Germany
CAUSES OF GREAT ECONOMIC DEPRESSION.
o The effect of the first world war, this war ended and left the capitalist countries with a lot of debt to pay to USA which provided as an assistance during the war
o Over production and under consumption of commodities, this was both industrial countries and colonies so all good produced lack a market
o Unequal distribution of income in the capitalist world , normally capitalist aimed at profit in produced goods some areas got more income than other so fail to balance the income
o Fall rate of profit, profit for goods produced decline hence tax tend to decrease
o Closure of industries, due to unprofitable of produced goods led more industries to close hence rise the problems of produced raw material
o The fall of stock exchange in USA ,this was the areas where different businessman and seller buy different goods but most of the stock in USA closed and fall down cause the decline of trade.
EFFECT OF GREAT ECONOMIC DEPRESSION ON AFRICA
o Fall of price of African raw materials
o Unemployment
o Increase of taxation
o Intensification of exploitation under the company grow more and sell me
o Low wages and salaries to both workers and labourers.
EFFECT OF GREAT ECONOMIC DEPRESSION IN EUROPE
o Unemployment
o Decline of financial institution
o Decline of trade
o Decline of industries
o Over production
SECOND WORLD WAR (WW2)
Was the second imperialist war fought between the axis power allies or democratic forces, this war was fought with the aim of dividing and re-dividing the world to among the impeliast nation the war fought in 01/09/1939 up to 02/09/1945
Was the complex wide spread and deadly war in the history because use advanced technology in fighting
Axis power include GERMANY, ITALY, JAPAN and AUSTRIA Allies power include BRITIAN, FRENCH, RUSSIA and USA CAUSES OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR
Effect of great economic depression Rise of dictatorship in Europe Failure of league of nation Weakness of Versailles treat Development of military alliances Germany invasion in Poland Economic rivalry of imperialist nation EFFECT OF SECOND WORLD WAR IN AFRICA
Intensification of exploitation of African human resources Influx of whitmen in Africa Cut down of colonial expenditure Introduction of new agricultural policies Introduction of colonial development plan and scheme such as Nile Change of colonial labour and mechanization in agriculture Intensification of African nationalism Led to the formation of UNO in 1945 Emergence of USA as a superpower EFFECT OF SECOND WORLD WAR IN EUROPE
Collapse of European capitalist economy Emergence of USA dominance Formation of UNO IN 1945 Creation of multilateral financial institution IMF and WOLD BANK Depopulation Destruction of infrastructure Division of the world into two camps CAPITALIST and SOCIALIST Spread of socialism ideologies
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